The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a network of interconnected physical devices embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies that enable them to collect, exchange, and act on data. These devices, ranging from everyday household items like smart thermostats and wearable fitness trackers to industrial machinery and smart city infrastructure, communicate over the internet, allowing for real-time monitoring, control, and automation. IoT enhances efficiency, decision-making, and convenience by providing insights and enabling seamless interactions between the physical and digital worlds. This technology is transforming various sectors, including healthcare, transportation, manufacturing, and home automation.