Blockchain is a decentralized digital ledger technology that records transactions across a network of computers in a secure, transparent, and tamper-resistant manner. Each block in the chain contains a list of transactions and is linked to the previous block, forming a chronological chain of data. This structure ensures data integrity and allows for peer-to-peer transactions without the need for intermediaries. Blockchain is the underlying technology behind popular cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, which utilize it to enable secure and transparent financial transactions. Bitcoin is the first and most well-known cryptocurrency, often referred to as digital gold, while Ethereum extends blockchain’s capabilities by supporting smart contracts, enabling decentralized applications (dApps) to run on its network.